XplorePlane/XP.Camera/Converters/PixelConverter.cs

using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;

namespace XP.Camera;

/// <summary>
/// 提供像素数据到 WPF BitmapSource 的转换工具方法。
/// </summary>
public static class PixelConverter
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 将原始像素数据转换为 WPF 的 BitmapSource 对象。
    /// 支持 Mono8、BGR8、RGB8、BGRA8 以及 Bayer 8-bit 格式（自动解码为 BGR24）。
    /// 返回的 BitmapSource 已调用 Freeze()，可跨线程访问。
    /// </summary>
    public static BitmapSource ToBitmapSource(byte[] pixelData, int width, int height, string pixelFormat)
    {
        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(pixelData);
        if (width <= 0) throw new ArgumentException("Width must be a positive integer.", nameof(width));
        if (height <= 0) throw new ArgumentException("Height must be a positive integer.", nameof(height));
        ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(pixelFormat);

        string normalized = NormalizePixelFormat(pixelFormat);

        // Bayer 格式需要解码
        if (normalized.StartsWith("Bayer"))
        {
            byte[] bgrData = DemosaicBayer(pixelData, width, height, normalized);
            var bmp = BitmapSource.Create(width, height, 96, 96, PixelFormats.Bgr24, null, bgrData, width * 3);
            bmp.Freeze();
            return bmp;
        }

        var (format, stride) = normalized switch
        {
            "Mono8" => (PixelFormats.Gray8, width),
            "BGR8" => (PixelFormats.Bgr24, width * 3),
            "BGRA8" => (PixelFormats.Bgra32, width * 4),
            "RGB8" => (PixelFormats.Rgb24, width * 3),
            _ => throw new NotSupportedException($"Pixel format '{pixelFormat}' is not supported.")
        };

        var bitmap = BitmapSource.Create(width, height, 96, 96, format, null, pixelData, stride);
        bitmap.Freeze();
        return bitmap;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 将不同 SDK 的像素格式名称统一为标准名称。
    /// </summary>
    private static string NormalizePixelFormat(string pixelFormat)
    {
        if (pixelFormat is "Mono8" or "BGR8" or "BGRA8" or "RGB8")
            return pixelFormat;

        var upper = pixelFormat.ToUpperInvariant();

        if (upper.Contains("MONO8")) return "Mono8";
        if (upper.Contains("BGR8")) return "BGR8";
        if (upper.Contains("BGRA8")) return "BGRA8";
        if (upper.Contains("RGB8") && !upper.Contains("BAYER")) return "RGB8";

        // Bayer 格式
        if (upper.Contains("BAYERRG8") || upper.Contains("BAYER_RG8")) return "BayerRG8";
        if (upper.Contains("BAYERGR8") || upper.Contains("BAYER_GR8")) return "BayerGR8";
        if (upper.Contains("BAYERGB8") || upper.Contains("BAYER_GB8")) return "BayerGB8";
        if (upper.Contains("BAYERBG8") || upper.Contains("BAYER_BG8")) return "BayerBG8";

        return pixelFormat;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 简单 Bayer 解码（双线性插值），输出 BGR24。
    /// </summary>
    private static byte[] DemosaicBayer(byte[] bayer, int width, int height, string pattern)
    {
        // pattern: BayerRG8, BayerGR8, BayerGB8, BayerBG8
        // RG: R G    GR: G R    GB: G B    BG: B G
        //     G B        B G        R G        G R

        int rRow, rCol; // 红色像素在2x2块中的位置
        switch (pattern)
        {
            case "BayerRG8": rRow = 0; rCol = 0; break;
            case "BayerGR8": rRow = 0; rCol = 1; break;
            case "BayerGB8": rRow = 1; rCol = 0; break;
            case "BayerBG8": rRow = 1; rCol = 1; break;
            default: rRow = 0; rCol = 0; break;
        }

        byte[] bgr = new byte[width * height * 3];

        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++)
        {
            for (int x = 0; x < width; x++)
            {
                int srcIdx = y * width + x;
                int dstIdx = (y * width + x) * 3;

                // 确定当前像素在 Bayer 模式中的角色
                int py = (y + rRow) % 2; // 0=红行, 1=蓝行
                int px = (x + rCol) % 2; // 0=红列/蓝列, 1=绿列

                byte r, g, b;

                if (py == 0 && px == 0)
                {
                    // 红色像素位置
                    r = bayer[srcIdx];
                    g = AvgNeighbors4(bayer, width, height, x, y);
                    b = AvgDiagonal(bayer, width, height, x, y);
                }
                else if (py == 1 && px == 1)
                {
                    // 蓝色像素位置
                    b = bayer[srcIdx];
                    g = AvgNeighbors4(bayer, width, height, x, y);
                    r = AvgDiagonal(bayer, width, height, x, y);
                }
                else if (py == 0 && px == 1)
                {
                    // 绿色像素（红行）
                    g = bayer[srcIdx];
                    r = AvgHorizontal(bayer, width, x, y);
                    b = AvgVertical(bayer, width, height, x, y);
                }
                else
                {
                    // 绿色像素（蓝行）
                    g = bayer[srcIdx];
                    b = AvgHorizontal(bayer, width, x, y);
                    r = AvgVertical(bayer, width, height, x, y);
                }

                bgr[dstIdx] = b;
                bgr[dstIdx + 1] = g;
                bgr[dstIdx + 2] = r;
            }
        }

        return bgr;
    }

    private static byte AvgNeighbors4(byte[] data, int w, int h, int x, int y)
    {
        int sum = 0, count = 0;
        if (x > 0) { sum += data[y * w + x - 1]; count++; }
        if (x < w - 1) { sum += data[y * w + x + 1]; count++; }
        if (y > 0) { sum += data[(y - 1) * w + x]; count++; }
        if (y < h - 1) { sum += data[(y + 1) * w + x]; count++; }
        return count > 0 ? (byte)(sum / count) : (byte)0;
    }

    private static byte AvgDiagonal(byte[] data, int w, int h, int x, int y)
    {
        int sum = 0, count = 0;
        if (x > 0 && y > 0) { sum += data[(y - 1) * w + x - 1]; count++; }
        if (x < w - 1 && y > 0) { sum += data[(y - 1) * w + x + 1]; count++; }
        if (x > 0 && y < h - 1) { sum += data[(y + 1) * w + x - 1]; count++; }
        if (x < w - 1 && y < h - 1) { sum += data[(y + 1) * w + x + 1]; count++; }
        return count > 0 ? (byte)(sum / count) : (byte)0;
    }

    private static byte AvgHorizontal(byte[] data, int w, int x, int y)
    {
        int sum = 0, count = 0;
        if (x > 0) { sum += data[y * w + x - 1]; count++; }
        if (x < w - 1) { sum += data[y * w + x + 1]; count++; }
        return count > 0 ? (byte)(sum / count) : (byte)0;
    }

    private static byte AvgVertical(byte[] data, int w, int h, int x, int y)
    {
        int sum = 0, count = 0;
        if (y > 0) { sum += data[(y - 1) * w + x]; count++; }
        if (y < h - 1) { sum += data[(y + 1) * w + x]; count++; }
        return count > 0 ? (byte)(sum / count) : (byte)0;
    }
}